323 designated suspects · Reported June 2025 · historical cases
Source category
Published share
Pakistani
64%
British
22%
Other (> 1%)
9%
Yemeni
2%
Unknown
2%
Slovakian
1%
Sources & methodology
Percentages transcribed from the source pie chart. They are rounded; individual category counts are not published in this chart and are not reconstructed. The exact snapshot date is not specified.
Corrected English PDF, 20 June 2025. The January 2026 landing-page update added a Welsh translation. Reviewed 2026-09-23.
Local investigations overlap and use different definitions. These charts are separate populations and cannot be added together or treated as a time series.
These reports document serious abuse and failures to protect children. Their ethnicity findings are shown as reported. Ethnicity, religion, citizenship and birthplace are different variables; the evidence below does not establish a national total of crimes committed by migrants.
Casey identified repeated safeguarding failures and disproportionate representation of Asian suspects in several local datasets, warranting further investigation. National ethnicity data were too incomplete to establish a national offender profile.
Local police data131 of 243
Suspects recorded as Asian in 35 Greater Manchester investigations
January 2022–May 2025 · selected live and archived group-based CSE investigations
54% as rounded in the report; ethnicity used self-definition and appearance. This is not a Pakistani, Muslim or migrant count.
Recommended action. The audit recommended a national investigation and inquiry, better data recording and stronger accountability.
Scope & limits. Ethnicity does not identify citizenship, religion, birthplace or immigration status. Suspects are not convicted offenders. Local findings cannot be extrapolated nationwide.
England and Wales · Multiple historical and recent datasets; audit conducted March–May 2025
How the evidence was produced
Review of publications, agency data, local investigations and testimony. Local samples reflect police operational decisions.
Source locations
Chapters 1, 4 and 7; national table p. 75; Greater Manchester table p. 81
Version & review
Corrected English PDF, 20 June 2025. The January 2026 landing-page update added a Welsh translation. Retrieved 23 September 2026 · Reviewed 23 September 2026. Historical report; no routine annual refresh.
Preserved original
Download archived PDF SHA-256: c53a9554129e514fb5f247800c753fffd29a342480b3150b4cd05b388f7d818a
Independent Inquiry into Child Sexual Abuse, chaired by Professor Alexis Jay · Published 1 February 2022
The inquiry found exploitation by networks in all six case-study areas, alongside serious failures to identify networks, protect children and record ethnicity. Victims were sometimes blamed rather than protected.
Inquiry scope6
Case-study areas with evidence of exploitation by networks
Six case-study areas in England and Wales · Cases and agency responses examined for the 2022 investigation; not an annual series
How the evidence was produced
Public hearings, witness evidence, agency documents and individual case reviews across Durham, Swansea, Warwickshire, St Helens, Tower Hamlets and Bristol.
Source locations
Executive summary; Annex 4; Part H on profiling
Version & review
February 2022 investigation report; distinct from IICSA’s October 2022 final report. Retrieved 23 September 2026 · Reviewed 23 September 2026. Historical report; no routine annual refresh.
Preserved original
Download archived PDF SHA-256: 443840191996a615e6d31b23cf7403ef44ace24931c347d35cf1a63d4bf9eac3
The inquiry documented rape and trafficking of children. Most known perpetrators were of Pakistani heritage, including five men convicted in 2010. It found severe council and police failures, and staff concerns about being considered racist when identifying perpetrators’ ethnicity.
Inquiry estimateAt least 1,400
Children estimated to have been sexually exploited
Rotherham · 1997–2013
The inquiry describes this as a conservative estimate. It is not a count attributed to a single ethnic or immigration-status group.
Recommended action. The report called for improved safeguarding, leadership, agency accountability and support for victims.
Scope & limits. A local, historical estimate, not a conviction count or national total. It supplies no complete breakdown by immigration status, religion or birthplace. No annual values or statistical confidence interval are provided for this estimate.
