Public data. Open methods.

Who operates this site

The site is maintained by its independent owner, with data publication restricted to an authenticated administrator. It is not presented as a government agency, university or registered charity. Reader questions about data can be submitted through the correction form.

Funding & donations

The Donate link goes to the Sips with Serra page on Buy Me a Coffee. Contributions are voluntary and are requested to support maintaining this project. The linked payment provider handles transactions; this site does not collect card details.

A public accounting of income, expenses and donors has not been published. No claim is made that donations are tax-deductible. Donations do not confer control over published numbers, definitions or corrections.

Selection & editorial standards

Coverage follows the availability of auditable data and the questions this project investigates. Selection is not a representative sample of every outcome or a measure of immigration’s overall effect. Attention to possible costs or harms does not justify changing denominators, suppressing contrary findings or presenting interpretation as official data.

We prefer primary government publications, then primary academic research. Reported values, calculations, estimates and research findings retain their separate labels. Citizenship, birthplace and legal status are not interchangeable. Suspects, convictions and prisoners measure different stages. Recorded spending is not a net fiscal balance after tax revenue.

When sources disagree, their definitions, dates and limitations should explain the disagreement. When usable data are missing, the site shows that limitation.

Corrections, versions & privacy

Source files and revisions are preserved. “Save dated citation” retains the selected published values, source metadata and methodology, so a citation can still be checked after the current chart changes. It is a data snapshot, not a peer-reviewed research result.

Error reports are visible only to authorized administrators until a reviewed summary is published. Reports do not require an email address. Please omit personal information. Operational request limits help protect the reporting and citation services.