Net migration
Long-term immigration minus long-term emigration; a negative value means more people left than arrived.
Estimated 95% uncertainty interval: 145,000–197,000
Net migration
United Kingdom · Year ending December 2012 to Year ending December 2025
Data 2012–2025 · Source retrieved 16 Sept 2026
Retrieval confirms when the source was collected, not that the underlying figures describe today.
Published 21 May 2026 · Retrieved 16 Sept 2026
Source period: 2012-01-01–2025-12-31
Release schedule: Semiannual.
Next release: No confirmed next publication date is recorded here.
How updates are checked →View data table · 14 observations
| Period | Geography | Group | Value | 95% uncertainty interval |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Year ending December 2012 | United Kingdom | All | 195,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2013 | United Kingdom | All | 244,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2014 | United Kingdom | All | 284,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2015 | United Kingdom | All | 303,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2016 | United Kingdom | All | 249,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2017 | United Kingdom | All | 208,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2018 | United Kingdom | All | 276,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2019 | United Kingdom | All | 184,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2020 | United Kingdom | All | 93,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2021 | United Kingdom | All | 467,000 | Not reported |
| Year ending December 2022 | United Kingdom | All | 891,000 | 858,000–907,000 |
| Year ending December 2023 | United Kingdom | All | 848,000 | 828,000–870,000 |
| Year ending December 2024 | United Kingdom | All | 331,000 | 309,000–348,000 |
| Year ending December 2025 | United Kingdom | All | 171,000 | 145,000–197,000 |
What this measures
Long-term international migrants, all ages and nationalities
Calculation
Immigration − emigration, calculated by ONS from unrounded estimates. We retain the published rounded result.
Limitations & comparability
May 2026 release; official statistics in development. Estimates are rounded to the nearest 1,000; published net migration uses unrounded estimates so rounded components may differ by 1,000. British and EU+ methods change from year ending June 2021: comparisons across this break need caution. 2025 estimates are provisional. Nationality is not country of birth or immigration status. 95% simulation uncertainty intervals, where reported, do not capture all sources of error and may understate uncertainty.
May 2026 release; official statistics in development. Estimates are rounded to the nearest 1,000; published net migration uses unrounded estimates so rounded components may differ by 1,000. British and EU+ methods change from year ending June 2021: comparisons across this break need caution. 2025 estimates are provisional. Nationality is not country of birth or immigration status. 95% simulation uncertainty intervals, where reported, do not capture all sources of error and may understate uncertainty.
Long-term international migration, May 2026 release: Tables 1, 2 and 9
Original source ↗ · Retrieved 2026-09-16Data 2012–2025 · Source retrieved 16 Sept 2026
Retrieval confirms when the source was collected, not that the underlying figures describe today.
Published 21 May 2026 · Retrieved 16 Sept 2026
Source period: 2012-01-01–2025-12-31
Release schedule: Semiannual.
Next release: No confirmed next publication date is recorded here.
How updates are checked →